This important course provides a comprehensive basic introduction to teaching languages, for use in pre-service or early experience settings. It can be used by groups of teachers working with a trainer, or as a self-study resource. The Trainee's Book provides all the tasks given in the main book but without background information, bibliographies, notes or solutions. It is suitable for those studying on a trainer-led course, where feedback is readily available.

This text introduces a new field of educational research, teacher learning, as it applies to the teaching of languages. The paperback edition introduces a new field of educational research called teacher learning, as it applies to the teaching of languages. Seventeen original articles, based on studies done in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia, provide examples of theory and research into teacher learning and of the role that previous experience, social context, and professional training play in the process.

This text is about what really happens in language classrooms. This paperback edition is about what really happens in language classrooms, both those in which language is the topic of instruction and those where it functions primarily as the medium of instruction. In this collection of 19 original papers, the authors utilize a variety of research methods, with an emphasis on the collection and analysis of data. Chapters investigate such issues as language-related anxiety, curriculum renewal, classroom interaction, teachers' on-line decision-making, and sociopolitical concerns affecting life in schools.

Mathematics has become indispensable in the modelling of economics, finance, business and management. Without expecting any particular background of the reader, this book covers the following mathematical topics, with frequent reference to applications in economics and finance: functions, graphs and equations, recurrences (difference equations), differentiation, exponentials and logarithms, optimisation, partial differentiation, optimisation in several variables, vectors and matrices, linear equations, Lagrange multipliers, integration, first-order and second-order differential equations. The stress is on the relation of maths to economics, and this is illustrated with copious examples and exercises to foster depth of understanding. Each chapter has three parts: the main text, a section of further worked examples and a summary of the chapter together with a selection of problems for the reader to attempt. For students of economics, mathematics, or both, this book provides an introduction to mathematical methods in economics and finance that will be welcomed for its clarity and breadth.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of instituting change in language education programs. The paperback edition provides a comprehensive overview of the theory and practice of instituting change in language education programs. It offers a theoretical framework, a detailed case study, and nine principles for the management of educational innovation.

This multifaceted picture of the British novel in its formative decades provides an indispensable guide for students of the eighteenth-century novel, and its place within the culture of its time. Drawing on new research in social and political history, the twelve contributors to this Companion challenge and refine the traditional view of the novel's origins and purposes. Sentimental and Gothic fiction, and fiction by women, are discussed, alongside detailed readings of work by Defoe, Swift, Richardson, Henry Fielding, Sterne, Smollett and Burney.

The previous edition of this text was the first to provide a quantitative introduction to chaos and nonlinear dynamics at the undergraduate level. It was widely praised for the clarity of writing and for the unique and effective way in which the authors presented the basic ideas. These same qualities characterize this revised and expanded second edition. Interest in chaotic dynamics has grown explosively in recent years. Applications to practically every scientific field have had a far-reaching impact. As in the first edition, the authors present all the main features of chaotic dynamics using the damped, driven pendulum as the primary model. This second edition includes additional material on the analysis and characterization of chaotic data, and applications of chaos. This new edition of Chaotic Dynamics can be used as a text for courses on chaos for physics and engineering students at the second- and third-year level.

Contains four complete tests for the First Certificate exam from Cambridge ESOL. These past examination papers provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content of the exam and to practise exam techniques. Colour visual material for Paper 5 is included with each test. The Student's Book is also available as a 'with answers' edition, suitable for self study.

This clear and colourful course prepares students for the Cambridge First Certificate FCE exam. It contains 20 units covering a range of interesting topics which are likely to come up in the exam, and provides a comprehensive vocabulary syllabus emphasising word-building and idioms. A Self-study Student's Book is also available.

This is a book about how language teachers themselves rather than curriculum specialists develop and implement their own courses. The paperback edition illuminates the process of course development through the narratives of six ELT teachers who have designed courses in widely varying contexts worldwide. Graves provides a framework for course design and examines how these six teachers have utilized or departed from the framework in meeting the challenges of their particular situations. Each narrative is followed by an analysis and a set of tasks that direct the reader's attention to a particular aspect of the framework.

This book helps students listen for gist and specific information, to make inferences and to progress to content-based activities. Introducing Skills for Understanding is the high-beginning level of the Active Listening series. By activating students' knowledge of a topic before they listen, the text gives them a frame of reference to make intelligent predictions about what they will hear. Students learn to listen through a careful balance of activities, including listening for gist, listening for specific information, and making inferences.

Cambridge Practice Tests for IELTS I contains four complete practice tests for the Academic module of the International English Language Testing System examination, plus extra Reading and Writing papers for the General Training module. Written by experienced IELTS examiners, one based in Britain and one based in Australia. The Student's Book contains an introduction to the different modules of the exam together with an explanation of the different IELTS question types and how to approach them. The inclusion of annotated keys and tapescripts for each test makes the book ideal for the purposes of self-study students. The cassettes contain listening material carefully chosen to reflect the reality of the exam in terms of timing, format and the types of speaker and accent used.

Pronunciation Games is a teacher's resource book containing photocopiable pronunciation games for use in the classroom. Each unit contains an enjoyable activity designed to raise learners' awareness of an aspect of English pronunciation. The activities are suitable for use with a wide range of levels and focus on pronunciation points ranging from individual sounds and word stress to sentence stress and intonation. The Teacher's Pages provide clear instructions for conducting each game, background information and suggestions for adapting the games to the needs of particular groups of learners.

True to Life is a five-level course for adults. To ensure a high level of motivation, the course focuses on contemporary themes, language and learning styles that are relevant to adult learners. The Starter level provides between 40 and 60 hours of class work. The other levels provide between 72 and 96 hours of class work, depending on the various options used. The range of extra materials — photocopiable worksheets, tests and videos — create a comprehensive and flexible teaching package. The ready-made lessons can be used as they stand, saving teacher time, or adapted using the optional activities suggested in the Teacher's Book.

True to Life is a five-level course for adults. To ensure a high level of motivation, the course focuses on contemporary themes, language and learning styles that are relevant to adult learners. The Starter level provides between 40 and 60 hours of class work. The other levels provide between 72 and 96 hours of class work, depending on the various options used. The range of extra materials — photocopiable worksheets, tests and videos — create a comprehensive and flexible teaching package. The ready-made lessons can be used as they stand, saving teacher time, or adapted using the optional activities suggested in the Teacher's Book.

The National Curriculum and the Scottish Guidelines emphasise the importance of mental calculation in mathematics. This is the first of four small books that give practice in applying basic mathematical skills, and encourage the children to think about all aspects of number. As well as questions of recall and basic mental manipulation, for which answers only are required, there are puzzles and problems to intrigue and fascinate. Answers to all the questions are given in the accompanying teacher's boo's. Mental Maths 1 has been designed for use with 7-8 year olds, both at school and in the home.

The National Curriculum and the Scottish Guidelines emphasise the importance of mental calculations in mathematics. This is the second of four small books for junior age children, that give practice in applying basic mathematical skills, and encourage the children to think about all aspects of number. As well as questions of recall and basic mental manipulation, for which answers only are required, there are puzzles and problems to intrigue and fascinate children. Answers to all the questions are given in the accompanying, Mental maths for ages 7 to 9, teachers book. Mental maths 2 has been designed for use with 8-9 year olds, both at school and in the home.

The National Curriculum and the Scottish Guidelines emphasise the importance of mental calculations in mathematics. This is the third of four small books for junior age children, that give practice in applying basic mathematical skills, and encourage the children to think about all aspects of number. As well as questions of recall and basic mental manipulation, for which answers only are required, there are puzzles and problems to intrigue and fascinate children. Answers to all the questions are given in the accompanying, Mental maths for ages 9 to 11, teachers book. Mental maths 3 has been designed for use with 9-10 year olds, both at school and in the home.

The National Curriculum and the Scottish Guidelines emphasise the importance of mental calculations in mathematics. This is the last of four small books for junior age children, that give practice in applying basic mathematical skills, and encourage the children to think about all aspects of number. As well as questions of recall and basic mental manipulation, for which answers only are required, there are puzzles and problems to intrigue and fascinate children. Answers to all the questions are given in the accompanying, Mental maths for ages 9 to 11, teachers book. Mental maths 4 has been designed for use with 10-11 year olds, both at school and in the home.

Language Test Construction and Evaluation describes the process of language test construction clearly and comprehensively. Each chapter deals with one stage of the test construction process; from drafting initial test specifications, to reporting test scores, test validation and washback. In addition, current practice in the examining of English as a Foreign Language by different examining boards is reviewed in order to compare testing principles with present test practice. The focus is on the practical: it does not assume a statistical background but explains and demystifies the procedures and concepts that are relevant to the construction and evaluation of language tests. Language Test Construction and Evaluation will provide an invaluable reference for anyone who wishes to understand how language tests are, and should be, constructed.