There are often blanket claims that the world is facing more problems than ever but there is a lack of empirical data to show where things have deteriorated or in fact improved. In this book, some of the world's leading economists discuss ten problems that have blighted human development, ranging from malnutrition, education and climate change to trade barriers and armed conflicts. Costs of the problems are quantified in percent of GDP, giving readers a unique opportunity to understand the development of each problem over the past century, the likely development into the middle of this century, and to compare the size of the challenges. For example, how bad was air pollution in 1900? How has it deteriorated and what about the future? Did climate change cost more than malnutrition in 2010? Rather than offering definitive answers to the questions asked, this innovative book will spark debate amongst a wide readership.

This is the updated version of 'the' teacher training course for teachers and trainee teachers preparing for the Cambridge ESOL Teaching Knowledge Test (TKT). This book includes everything you need to prepare for the test. The revised second edition contains three brand new model TKT practice tests, new tips for preparing for the TKT, an additional unit on approaches to language teaching tested in the TKT, completely rewritten tasks in every unit, and revised ELT terms and concepts matching the latest Cambridge ESOL TKT Glossary. This best-selling course has been written in collaboration with Cambridge ESOL by a team of experienced TKT writers. It provides a comprehensive and reliable package for TKT candidates, as well as for teachers preparing for other initial teacher training qualifications and those on in-service training programmes.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for tomorrow's business leaders. Based on a unique syllabus combining current business theory, business in practice and business skills — presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes, making the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Intermediate level includes input from the Cambridge Judge Business School, IKEA, Emirates NBD, Isuzu and Unilever — to name but a few. The Personal Study Book provides further practice and lesson consolidation and comes with an Audio CD with recordings from the Student's Book skills lessons, plus additional audio.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for tomorrow's business leaders. Based on a unique syllabus that combines current business theory, business in practice and business skills — all presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes that make the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Intermediate level books include input from the following leading institutions and organisations: the Cambridge Judge Business School, IKEA, Emirates NBD, Isuzu and Unilever — to name but a few. The Student's Book comes with a free DVD of video case studies.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for the 21st century business student and professional. Based on a unique syllabus that combines current business theory, business in practice and business skills — all presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes that make the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Intermediate level books include input from leading institutions and organisations, such as: the Cambridge Judge Business School, IKEA, Emirates NBD, Isuzu and Unilever.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for tomorrow's business leaders. Based on a unique syllabus that combines current business theory, business in practice and business skills — all presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes that make the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Upper-intermediate level books include input from the following leading institutions and organisations: the Cambridge Judge Business School, the Boston Consulting Group, Nokia, Dell, and Havaianas. The Personal Study Book with Audio CD provides a wealth of further practice and lesson consolidation.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for tomorrow's business leaders. Based on a unique syllabus that combines current business theory, business in practice and business skills — all presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes that make the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Upper-intermediate level books include input from the following leading institutions and organisations: the Cambridge Judge Business School, the Boston Consulting Group, Nokia, Dell, and Havaianas — to name but a few. The Student's Book comes with a free DVD of video case studies.

An innovative, new multi-level course for the university and in-company sector. Business Advantage is the course for tomorrow's business leaders. Based on a unique syllabus that combines current business theory, business in practice and business skills — all presented using authentic, expert input — the course contains specific business-related outcomes that make the material highly relevant and engaging. The Business Advantage Upper-intermediate level books include input from the following leading institutions and organisations: the Cambridge Judge Business School, the Boston Consulting Group, Nokia, Dell, and Havaianas — to name but a few. The Teacher's Book comes with additional photocopiable activities (1 per unit) and three progress tests.

A three-level (B1+ to C1) integrated skills course for higher education students at university or on foundation courses. The B1+ Intermediate Student's Book introduces students to the characteristics of written and spoken academic texts. Students are guided towards developing relevant strategies for setting study goals and approaching these texts. From asking for help, understanding essay questions to planning essay paragraphs and listening for gist and detail, students have a wealth of opportunities to practice all core academic skills. The course develops independent learning skills and critical thinking through 'Study Tips' sections and allows for personalisation of learning in the 'Focus on your subject' sections. Five lecture skills units provide authentic practice in listening to lectures and note-taking.

A three-level (B1+ to C1) integrated skills course for higher education students at university or on foundation courses. Designed specifically for students preparing for university, this integrated skills course develops the language and real academic skills essential for successful university studies across disciplines. With authentic lectures and seminars, and with language informed by the Cambridge Academic Corpus and Academic Word Lists, the course guarantees that the English and the study skills students learn are up to date and relevant to them. The Teacher's Book provides extensive teacher support including teaching notes and additional worksheets for the classroom.

Cambridge English: Business Higher 5 provides four complete past papers for the Cambridge English: Business Higher exam (also known as BEC Higher). These examination papers from University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL) provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content and format of the examination and to practise examination techniques. It also contains a comprehensive section of keys and transcripts, making it suitable for self study. An Audio CD containing the audio material for the Listening paper and a Self-study Pack (Student's Book with Answers and Audio CD) are also available separately.

Cambridge English: Business Higher 5 provides four complete past papers for the Cambridge English: Business Higher exam, (also known as BEC Higher). These examination papers from University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL) provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content and format of the examination and to practise examination techniques. It also contains a comprehensive section of keys and transcripts, making it suitable for self study. The Self-study Pack contains the Student's Book with Answers and an Audio CD which includes audio material for the Listening paper.

Cambridge English: Business Preliminary 5 provides four complete past papers for the Cambridge English: Business Preliminary exam, (also known as BEC Preliminary). These examination papers from University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL) provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content and format of the examination and to practise examination techniques. The Student's Book also contains a comprehensive section of keys and transcripts, making it suitable for self study. The Self-study Pack includes the Student's Book with Answers and an Audio CD which contains the audio material for the Listening paper.

Cambridge English: Business Vantage 5 provides four complete past papers for the Cambridge English: Business Vantage exam (also known as BEC Vantage). These examination papers from University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL) provide the most authentic exam preparation available, allowing candidates to familiarise themselves with the content and format of the examination and to practise examination techniques. It also contains a comprehensive section of keys and transcripts, making it suitable for self study. Audio CDs containing the audio material for the Listening paper and a Self-study Pack (Student's Book with Answers and Audio CDs) are also available separately.

Four authentic past papers from Cambridge ESOL for the Cambridge English: Key exam, also known as Key English Test (KET). Cambridge English: Key is at CEF level A2. The Self-study Pack includes the Student's Book with Answers and Audio CD. The Student's Book with Answers contains practice material for Paper 1 (Reading and Writing) and Paper 2 (Listening), along with attractive colour visual material to enable thorough preparation for Paper 3 (Speaking). It also contains a comprehensive section of answers and recording scripts, making it suitable for self-study. The Audio CD contains the listening material for Paper 2.

Complete IELTS combines the very best in contemporary classroom practice with stimulating topics aimed at young adults wanting to study at university. Complete IELTS Bands 4-5 prepares students for the IELTS test at B1 (foundation level). It is designed to introduce students to the critical thinking required for IELTS and provide strategies and skills to maximise their score. The information, practice and advice contained in the course ensure that they are fully prepared for all parts of the test. The Teacher's Book contains detailed teacher's notes with advice on classroom procedure as well as extra teaching ideas and answer keys. There are also extra photocopiable materials including class activities, progress tests and vocabulary extension wordlists.

Complete IELTS combines the very best in contemporary classroom practice with stimulating topics aimed at young adults wanting to study at university. Complete IELTS Bands 4-5 prepares students for the IELTS test at B1 (foundation level). It is designed to introduce students to the critical thinking required for IELTS and provide strategies and skills to maximise their score. The information, practice and advice contained in the course ensure that they are fully prepared for all parts of the test. The Workbook with Answers with Audio CD features reading, writing and listening exercises with answer key for homework. It provides further practice in the Student's Book grammar and vocabulary and contains an Audio CD and recording scripts for the Workbook.

Complete IELTS combines the very best in contemporary classroom practice with stimulating topics aimed at young adults wanting to study at university. Complete IELTS Bands 4-5 prepares students for the IELTS test at B1 (foundation level). It is designed to introduce students to the critical thinking required for IELTS and provide strategies and skills to maximise their score. The information, practice and advice contained in the course ensure that they are fully prepared for all parts of the test. The Workbook without Answers with Audio CD features reading, writing and listening exercises for homework. It provides further practice in the Student's Book grammar and vocabulary and contains an Audio CD and recording scripts for the Workbook.

Your Space is a motivating three-level course designed to grow and change with students. Students are supported to explore and personalise new language right from the start, enabling them to communicate clearly and build confidence using English in everyday situations. With a wide range of varied activities, students will enjoy the extra practice provided by the Workbook. Topics follow those in the Level 1 Student's Book, with extra skills practice focusing on listening, reading, writing and speaking. Activities include crosswords, gap-fill exercises, fact files and jigsaw activities. Collaborative project work at the end of each unit provides a fun, interactive learning experience. The accompanying Audio CD contains extra listening material for practice at home.

Your Space is a motivating three-level course designed to grow and change with students. The Level 1 Student's Book contains ten visually appealing units and ample material for extra practice and extension including 'Communication' activities with accompanying 'Phrasebook'. Students are encouraged to notice new language in context in the 'Language focus' sections, then are given clear guidance to its use in 'Language space'. A ten-page Welcome section for students coming from Primary school reinforces language. 'Get it right!' sections informed by the Cambridge Learner Corpus help students tackle problem areas and illustrated 'Your words' sections' bring vocabulary to life. A gripping graphic story at the back of book provides enjoyable extended reading.